Dokumentu Akzioak
2.4.
Ubuntu desktop birtualizatzen
Maila bat gorago
Adibide honetan Ubuntu Intrepid Hearon bertsioa instalatu nahi dugu, eta parabirtualizatua egotea nahi dugunez, aurrerago debian zerbitzari birtuala sortzeko erabili dugun teknika berbera erabili nahi dugu: debootstrap.
Hau egin ahal izateko, ezinbestekoa da linux zerbitzari fisikoan /usr/lib/xen-tools/ karpetan intrepid.d izeneko "soft link" edo esteka egotea. Hau ez balego, ez luke jakingo nola instalatu.
root@IMH01XEN01:~# cd /usr/lib/xen-tools/
root@IMH01XEN01:/usr/lib/xen-tools# ls -la
total 72
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 2008-10-24 10:37 .
drwxr-xr-x 87 root root 32768 2008-12-10 17:46 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2008-10-24 10:37 centos-4.d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2008-10-24 10:37 centos-5.d
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4409 2008-04-06 03:12 common.sh
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2008-10-24 10:37 dapper.d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2008-10-24 10:37 debian.d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2008-12-10 17:53 edgy.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 2008-10-24 10:37 etch.d -> debian.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 2008-10-24 10:37 fedora-core-4.d -> fedora-core-6.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 2008-10-24 10:37 fedora-core-5.d -> fedora-core-6.d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2008-10-24 10:37 fedora-core-6.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 2008-10-24 10:37 fedora-core-7.d -> fedora-core-6.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 6 2008-10-24 10:37 feisty.d -> edgy.d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2008-10-24 10:37 gentoo.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 6 2008-10-24 10:37 gutsy.d -> edgy.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 6 2008-10-24 10:37 hardy.d -> edgy.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 2008-10-24 10:37 lenny.d -> debian.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 2008-10-24 10:37 sarge.d -> debian.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 2008-10-24 10:37 sid.d -> debian.d
Ez dagoenez, guk sortuko dugu:
root@IMH01XEN01:/usr/lib/xen-tools# ln -s edgy.d intrepid.d
Antzerako zerbait egin behar dugu debootstrap-erako:
cd /usr/share/debootstrap/scripts/
ln -s edgy intrepid
Orain komando hau exekutatuko dugu:
root@IMH01XEN01:/usr/lib/xen-tools# xen-create-image install-method=deboottstrap --hostname=XenUbuntuDesktop01 --dist=intrepid --mirror=http://es.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ --lvm=volgroupxen --fs=ext3 --dhcp --kernel=/2.6.24-21-xen --force --initrd=/boot/initrd.img-2.6.24-21-xen --arch=amd64 --size=10G –swap=1G
Emaitza hau da:
General Information
--------------------
Hostname : XenUbuntuDesktop01
Distribution : intrepid
Partitions : swap 1G (swap)
/ 10G (ext3)
Image type : full
Memory size : 128Mb
Kernel path : /2.6.24-21-xen
Initrd path : /boot/initrd.img-2.6.24-21-xen
Networking Information
----------------------
IP Address : DHCP [MAC: 00:16:3E:84:99:66]
Removing /dev/volgroupxen/XenUbuntuDesktop01-swap - since we're forcing the install
Removing /dev/volgroupxen/XenUbuntuDesktop01-disk - since we're forcing the install
Creating swap on /dev/volgroupxen/XenUbuntuDesktop01-swap
Done
Creating ext3 filesystem on /dev/volgroupxen/XenUbuntuDesktop01-disk
Done
Installation method: debootstrap
Done
Running hooks
Done
No role scripts were specified. Skipping
Creating Xen configuration file
Done
All done
Logfile produced at:
/var/log/xen-tools/XenUbuntuDesktop01.log
Instalazioa nola joan den ikusi nahi badegu, bukaeran jartzen digun log fitxategian begiratzea besterik ez dugu:
/var/log/xen-tools/XenUbuntuDesktop01.log
Arrankatu aurretik, konfigurazioa birpasatu. Editatu konfigurazio fitxategia:
cd /etc/xen
nano XenUbuntuDesktop01.cfg
Eta begiratu nola dagoen kernel parametroa. Nik hau neukan:
kernel = '/2.6.24-21-xen'
Eta honela jarri dut:
kernel = '/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.24-21-xen'
Orain makina birtuala martxan jartzeko:
xm create XenUbuntuDesktop01.cfg ; xm console XenUbuntuDesktop01
Emaitza moduan login kontsola bat emango digu, eta root moduan sartzeko aukera izango dugu (pasahitz gabe).
IP helbidea DHCP bidez hartzen duenez, ifconfig exekutatu beharko dugu lortu duen IP helbidea zein den jakiteko.
Berez ez du gnome instalatzen. Guk behar dugunez, honela instalatuko genuke:
apt-get install xorg gnome-core
VNC bitartez konektatu ahal izateko, lehenengo VNC zerbitzaria instalatu egin behar dugu ubuntu birtual berrian:
sudo apt-get install vnc4server
Orain konfiguratu egin behar da, bestela konektatzen geranean ez digu Gnome erabiltzeko aukerarik emango. Editatuko dugu (aurrez nano instalatuta)
apt-get install nano
nano .vnc/xstartup
Hau da berez dakarrena:
#!/bin/sh
# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:
# unset SESSION_MANAGER
# exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
vncconfig -iconic &
xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
twm &
Eta honela utziko dugu ubuntu birtualean:
#!/bin/sh
# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:
# unset SESSION_MANAGER
# exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
vncconfig -iconic &
xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
unset SESSION_MANAGER
gnome-session &
Orain vncserver arrankatuko dugu:
vncserver :1
Pasahitza eskatuko digu. Ondo apuntatu behar dugu, pasahitz hori erabili beharko dugu beste leku batetik ubuntu birtualera konektatu nahi dugunean.
Aurrerantzean VNC erabiliz, sortu dugun Ubuntu makina birtualera konektatu gaitezke.
